ARE THE BEGUINES FOR THE CHURCH HERETICS? MYSTIC?
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8430289Keywords:
Middle Ages, Europe, Beguine, Woman, History of Religions, Christianity, ChurcAbstract
It is possible to define Beguine women as religious women belonging to the secular class who were not subject to the monastic rule. Beguine houses appeared in France in the XIIth century and then spread to Germany. The name Beguine started to be heard more in Europe in the XIIIth century. The geographical areas where they were particularly prominent were around Northern France and Germany. Their characteristic expressions were to serve the poor, the sick and the suffering and to engage in charity. This modest and pious life of the Beguine’s was one of the exemplary points even in their own time. Although the Beguine’s did their primary work within the walls of the monastery itself, they often went out to serve, heal, and do charity work in hospitals, leper centres, schools, or similar places.
For the Church, the place of women in religious life was something to be respected only in the realm of mysticism; they could have no institutional influence on the ecclesiastical level. When the Beguines' relations with the Church are analysed, it can be said that they were kept under control especially because they were both a women's movement and a secular group independent from the Church. The reason why the Beguines were considered heretical by the Church was because of their belief that they were associated with heretical movements such as the Free Spirit Movement. In this process, the labelling of some Beguinese women as heretics was the first spark of the war with the church. In this article, the process of the Church's declaration of these conservative women as heretics is described, together with its causes and consequences.
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