DESCRIPTION OF IDEAL SULTAN BASED ON CIRCLE OF JUSTICE ON THE AXIS OF ETERNAL STATE IN NIZAMULMULK

Abstract

The works of politics produced by Islamic political thought, include the political and historical conditions of the period, the administrative functioning of the state, the duties and responsibilities of the sultan, the structure of the society, intellectual accumulation and many other topics, also contributed to the development of the literature of Islamic political thought. These works also guided what qualifications the sultan should have, being the head of the state administration. It has been observed that the ruler is a symbol of the unity of religion and state, and that he stands at a critical point on the axis of the understanding of imamate and caliphate that historical conditions and sectarian approaches put forward. In this framework, the subject of the ideal ruler typology has been formed. In this study, the proposals of Nizamülmülk, the vizier of the Great Seljuk State, about qualities the ideal ruler should have, within the historical conditions through the systematic thought produced by the philosophy of Islamic political thought, are discussed through the work of politics named Siyerülmülk. The study is a qualitative research and it was prepared by the document analysis method, which includes the literature review through the reading of its main source. It was found out that the work of politics of Nizamülmülk has the quality of document for the sultans of the Great Seljuk State that presents the knowledge of the structure, procedure and manners in many areas of the political, administrative and military state organization of the Great Seljuk State in historical conditions, including his knowledge and experience in the field of state administration where he served for many years. It has been found important to associate the ideal sultan qualifications and virtues, who are the executors of the central government, to the understanding of circle of justice of eternal state understanding, which is based on monotheism.